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Iswarya Fertility Centre & Women's Hospital
Iswarya
Fertility Centre
Male Infertility

Azoospermia

Azoospermia — the complete absence of sperm in the ejaculate — affects 1% of men, but surgical sperm retrieval and ICSI can still achieve fatherhood.

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Overview

What is Azoospermia?

Azoospermia is the complete absence of sperm in the ejaculated semen. It affects approximately 1% of all men and is responsible for 10–15% of male infertility cases. There are two types: obstructive azoospermia (sperm are produced but cannot be released due to a blockage) and non-obstructive azoospermia (inadequate sperm production in the testes).

Fatherhood is Still Possible

At Iswarya Fertility, our male fertility specialists perform surgical sperm retrieval procedures (TESA, PESA, Micro-TESE) to extract sperm directly from the testes or epididymis. Retrieved sperm are used with ICSI (Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection) to fertilise eggs, achieving fatherhood for men previously told it was impossible.

Symptoms

No sperm detected on two separate semen analyses
Low ejaculate volume
History of undescended testes (cryptorchidism)
History of testicular torsion or trauma
Hormonal imbalance symptoms (low libido, fatigue)

Causes

1
Obstructive causes: vasectomy, congenital absence of vas deferens, prior infection
2
Non-obstructive: Klinefelter syndrome (XXY), Y chromosome microdeletion
3
Testicular failure following chemotherapy or radiation
4
Hormonal disorders (hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism)

How It's Diagnosed

Two semen analyses at least 4 weeks apart confirming zero sperm count
Serum FSH, LH, testosterone, and prolactin levels
Scrotal ultrasound and genetic testing (karyotype, Y deletion)
Testicular biopsy to assess sperm production

Take the First Step

Get a personalised treatment plan for Azoospermia from our fertility specialists

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