What Really Happens During IVF?

Introduction

For many couples struggling with infertility, IVF (In Vitro Fertilization) offers a powerful ray of hope. Yet, fear and confusion around the process often keep people from considering it. The truth? IVF is a medically guided, step-by-step journey that can help many families experience the joy of parenthood safely and effectively.

Step 1: Starting the Treatment – From Day 2 of Periods

The IVF cycle typically begins on the second day of the woman’s menstrual period. On this day, basic blood tests are done to assess hormone levels. A scan is also taken to evaluate the ovaries and check for any abnormalities.

Once everything is in order, hormonal injections are started to stimulate the ovaries to produce multiple eggs instead of the usual one egg per cycle.

Step 2: Monitoring Egg Growth

Over the next 8 to 12 days, patients receive hormone injections. During this time, the doctor performs frequent ultrasounds to monitor the size and development of the follicles (which contain the eggs).

1. An ideal follicle size for egg retrieval is 18-20 mm.
2. The dosage of injections is customized based on the patient’s age, AMH level, and body weight.

When the follicles reach the desired size, an HCG “trigger” injection is given to mature the eggs in preparation for retrieval. This is usually done 34–36 hours before the egg retrieval procedure.

Step 3: Egg Retrieval

The egg retrieval procedure is done under mild anesthesia and takes around 15–20 minutes.

1. It is a painless and safe procedure.
2. Most patients can go home within a few hours.
3. Depending on risk factors, some patients may be advised to stay overnight.

Step 4: Fertilization and Embryo Development

The collected eggs are combined with the partner’s or donor’s sperm in the lab for fertilization.

1. The resulting fertilized eggs develop into embryos over the next 3–5 days.
2. Embryos are monitored carefully, and only the healthiest embryos are selected for transfer.

In certain cases, advanced techniques like ICSI (Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection) or Preimplantation Genetic Testing (PGT) may be used for better outcomes.

Step 5: Embryo Transfer

The selected embryo is gently placed into the uterus using a thin catheter in a simple, painless procedure. This is usually done on day 5 after egg retrieval, when the embryo reaches the blastocyst stage.

After the transfer, patients are advised to:

1. Take prescribed medications
2. Avoid strenuous activity
3. Follow up for pregnancy test after 10–14 days

Step 6: Waiting for the Results

After embryo transfer, a blood test is done to confirm pregnancy. If successful, the pregnancy is monitored closely in the early weeks to ensure healthy progression.

Is IVF Painful or Risky?

Many patients worry about pain or side effects. While IVF includes multiple steps, modern techniques make the process safe and minimally invasive. Mild bloating, discomfort, or mood swings may occur due to hormone changes, but these are manageable.

When Should You Consider IVF?

You may consider IVF if you or your partner experience:

1. Blocked fallopian tubes
2. Low sperm count or motility
3. PCOS or irregular ovulation
4. Endometriosis
5. Unexplained infertility
6. Recurrent pregnancy loss

IVF is also an option for couples undergoing fertility preservation or genetic screening.

Conclusion

IVF is not something to be feared, it’s a scientific and personalized approach to fertility, supported by skilled doctors and modern advancements. By understanding each step clearly, couples can face the process with confidence and hope.At Iswarya Fertility Centre, we are committed to guiding you with compassionate, expert care at every step of your IVF journey.